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الاقتطاعات
تشير اقتطاعات الرواتب إلى الاقتطاعات الإلزامية والاختيارية من شيك راتب الموظف.
الاقتطاعات هي مبالغ يتم حجزها من الراتب الإجمالي للموظف قبل أن يتلقى راتبه الصافي. عادةً ما تُصنَّف هذه الاقتطاعات إلى مجموعتين رئيسيتين: اقتطاعات إلزامية واقتطاعات اختيارية.
الاقتطاعات الإلزامية
وتشمل هذه:
- الضرائب الفيدرالية: يُعد اقتطاع ضريبة الدخل الفيدرالية اقتطاعًا إلزاميًا يعتمد على دخل الموظف وحالة تقديمه الضريبية. يتم تحديد المبلغ المقتطع وفقًا لجداول الاقتطاع الخاصة بمصلحة الضرائب (IRS).
- ضرائب الولايات والمحليات: اعتمادًا على موقع الموظف، قد تُقتطع أيضًا ضرائب الدخل الخاصة بالولاية والمحلية من شيك راتبه. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، تُفرض ضرائب الضمان الاجتماعي والرعاية الطبية بموجب القانون الفيدرالي.
- المزايا الإضافية (Fringe Benefits): رغم أنها لا تُقتطع مباشرةً من شيك راتب الموظف، فإن المزايا التي يرعاها صاحب العمل مثل التأمين الصحي، والتأمين الأسنان، والمساهمات في التقاعد يمكن أن تقلل من الدخل الخاضع للضريبة للموظف، مما يخفض فعليًا راتبه الصافي.
الاقتطاعات الاختيارية
الاقتطاعات الاختيارية هي اقتطاعات يمكن للموظفين اختيارها ليتم خصمها من شيكات رواتبهم. تُستخدم هذه الاقتطاعات عادةً لأغراض محددة، مثل:
- مساهمات حساب التوفير الصحي (HSA): يمكن استخدام المساهمات في HSA لدفع نفقات طبية مؤهلة.
- مساهمات حساب رعاية المعالين (Dependent Care FSA): يمكن استخدام المساهمات في FSA لرعاية المعالين لدفع تكاليف رعاية الأطفال أو كبار السن.
- مساهمات خطط التقاعد: قد يختار الموظفون المساهمة بمبالغ إضافية في خطط التقاعد الخاصة بهم إلى جانب المساهمات الإلزامية.
- التبرعات الخيرية: يمكن للموظفين التبرع للجمعيات الخيرية من خلال اقتطاعات الرواتب.
اعتبارات العمل عن بُعد
يمكن أن يقدم العمل عن بُعد عوامل إضافية قد تؤثر على الاقتطاعات:
- ضرائب الولايات والمحليات: قد تعتمد ضرائب الولايات والمحليات المقتطعة من راتب الموظف على موقع عمله، وليس بالضرورة على مقر الشركة. يمكن أن يكون ذلك ذا صلة خاصة بالموظفين عن بُعد الذين يعملون بشكل متكرر من مواقع مختلفة.
- التبعات الضريبية الدولية: قد يواجه الموظفون الذين يعملون عن بُعد في دول أجنبية اعتبارات ضريبية خاصة. من المهم استشارة خبراء ضرائب لضمان الامتثال لكل من القوانين الضريبية المحلية والدولية.
إدارة الرواتب باستخدام ريموت باس
تُبسِّط ريموت باس تعقيدات إدارة الرواتب للموظفين عن بُعد. حيث تقوم منصتنا بأتمتة حسابات الرواتب، وضمان الامتثال للوائح الضريبية، وتوفير تقارير دقيقة. ومع ريموت باس، يمكنك التركيز على تنمية أعمالك بينما نتولى نحن تفاصيل الرواتب.
Related Glossaries
Gross salary
The gross salary corresponds to the total payments received by the employee.
Contractor
A contract employee (or self-employed worker) is not considered a permanent employee.
Part-time employee
A part-time job is a form of employment that carries fewer hours per week.
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